Which aspect is NOT typically included in the total cost of ownership?

The total cost of ownership (TCO) is a comprehensive financial estimate that includes all direct and indirect costs related to a project's life cycle. It encompasses various aspects such as direct expenses, indirect project management expenses, and operational costs that arise over the lifespan of the project.

The potential revenue generated from the project, however, is not included in the total cost of ownership. TCO focuses solely on the costs incurred by the organization, rather than the revenues that may be generated as a result of the project. This distinction is essential, as TCO aims to provide a clear picture of the financial investment needed to maintain and support an asset or project, without factoring in the income it may produce. This allows organizations to assess the true financial implications of their investments independently of potential earnings.